Namaste class,

In the Hindi class dated Sunday, April 19, we first corrected the homework given the previous week:

1. Eat watermelon
तरबूज खा

2. Don’t drink wine
शराब मत पी or
मदिरा मत पी

3. Wear the brown shoes
भूरे जूते पहन

4. Bring the plate and glass
थाली और गिलास ला

5. Cook the vegetables
सब्जियां पका or
तरकारी / तरकारियाँ पका

I also discussed infinitives, that is, that form of the verb that hasn’t been changed according to gender (masculine or feminine) or number (singular or plural).

For example:
खाना – to eat
पीना – to drink
पढ़ना – to read
लिखना – to write

From the above verbs, removing the ना from the infinitives leaves you with the ‘root’ of the verb:
खा – root of खाना
पी – root of पीना
पढ़ – root of पढ़ना
लिख – root of लिखना

See the lesson https://www.hindivivek.com/hindi-varna-bodh/grammar/infinitives/ for more information.

From there, we discussed imperatives, statements used to give commands, orders or instructions in Hindi. We touched on the three words used for ‘you’ in Hindi:

तू (too) – used in very close relationships (e.g. husband/wife) or in abuse
तुम (tum) – used in familiar relationships and between friends and peers
आप (aap) – used for respect and for elders

To form the verb in the imperative mood for तू, you use only the root of the verb:
तू खा
तू पी
तू पढ़
तू लिख

To form the verb in the imperative mood for तुम, use the root of the verb with ओ:
तुम खाओ
तुम पियो
तुम पढ़ो
तुम लिखो

To form the verb in the imperative mood for आप, add इए to the root of the verb:
आप खाइए
आप पीजिए
आप पढ़िए
आप लिखिए

More information can be found at https://www.hindivivek.com/hindi-varna-bodh/grammar/imperatives-commands/.

You can read up more on imperatives in the Hindi Prabhaat Book One. We will cover it further in our next class.

Regards,
Vasudev.
p.s. you’ll need to obtain or purchase the Hindi Prabhaat Book One book to cover some of the grammar in upcoming class.

“Take up one idea. Make that one idea your life – think of it, dream of it, live on that idea. Let the brain, muscles, nerves, every part of your body, be full of that idea, and just leave every other idea alone. This is the way to success.” – Swami Vivekananda